Zero-temperature damping of Bose-Einstein condensate oscillations by vortex-antivortex pair creation

Year: 2003

Authors: Fedichev P.O., Fischer U.R., Recati A.

Autors Affiliation: 1Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Russian Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Kurchatov Square, 123182 Moscow, Russia; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and BEC-INFM, I-38050 Povo, Italy

Abstract: We investigate vortex-antivortex pair creation in a supersonically expanding and contracting quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate at zero temperature. For sufficiently large-amplitude condensate oscillations, pair production provides the leading dissipation mechanism. The condensate oscillations decay in a nonexponential manner, and the dissipation rate depends strongly on the oscillation amplitude. These features allow one to distinguish the decay due to pair creation from other possible damping mechanisms. An experimental observation of the predicted oscillation behavior of the superfluid gas provides a direct confirmation of the hydrodynamical analogy of quantum electrodynamics and quantum vortex dynamics in two spatial dimensions.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW A

Volume: 68 (1)      Pages from: 011602-1  to: 011602-4

KeyWords: 2D BEC; Schwinger effect;
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.011602

ImpactFactor: 2.589
Citations: 8
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