Thermodynamics of ultrastrongly coupled light-matter systems

Year: 2020

Authors: Pilar P., De Bernardis D., Rabl P.

Autors Affiliation: TU Wien, Atominst, Vienna Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.

Abstract: We study the thermodynamic properties of a system of two-level dipoles that are coupled ultrastrongly to a single cavity mode. By using exact numerical and approximate analytical methods, we evaluate the free energy of this system at arbitrary interaction strengths and discuss strong-coupling modifications of derivative quantities such as the specific heat or the electric susceptibility. From this analysis we identify the lowest-order cavity-induced corrections to those quantities in the collective ultrastrong coupling regime and show that for even stronger interactions the presence of a single cavity mode can strongly modify extensive thermodynamic quantities of a large ensemble of dipoles. In this non-perturbative coupling regime we also observe a significant shift of the ferroelectric phase transition temperature and a characteristic broadening and collapse of the black-body spectrum of the cavity mode. Apart from a purely fundamental interest, these general insights will be important for identifying potential applications of ultrastrong-coupling effects, for example, in the field of quantum chemistry or for realizing quantum thermal machines.

Journal/Review: QUANTUM

Volume: 4      Pages from: 335-1  to: 335-17

More Information: This work was supported by the Austrian Acaden of Sciences (OAW) through a DOC fellowship (D.D.) and a Discovery Grant (P.P., P.R.) and by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through the DK CoQus (Grant No. W 1210) and Grant No. P31701 (UL-MAC).
KeyWords: Phase-transition; Quantum-electrodynamics; Molecules; Atoms; Field; Model
DOI: 10.22331/q-2020-09-28-335

ImpactFactor: 6.777
Citations: 37
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