Only-phase Popov action: thermodynamic derivation and superconducting electrodynamics

Year: 2024

Authors: Salasnich L., Pelizzo MG., Lorenzi F.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron Galileo Galilei, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy; INFN, Sez Padova, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy; Univ Padua, Dipartimento Ingn Informaz, via Gradenigo 6B, I-35131 Padua, Italy; CNR, Ist Foton & Nanotecnol, via Trasea 7, I-35131 Padua, Italy; Univ Padua, Padua Quantum Technol Res Ctr, Via Gradenigo 6B, I-35131 Padua, Italy; CNR, Ist Nazl Ott, Via Nello Carrara 2, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.

Abstract: We provide a thermodynamic derivation of the only-phase Popov action functional, which is often adopted to study the low-energy effective hydrodynamics of a generic nonrelativistic superfluid. It is shown that the crucial assumption is the use of the saddle point approximation after neglecting the quantum-pressure term. As an application, we analyze charged superfluids (superconductors) coupled to the electromagnetic field at zero temperature. Our only-phase and minimally-coupled theory predicts the decay of the electrostatic field inside a superconductor with a characteristic length much smaller than the London penetration depth of the static magnetic field. This result is confirmed also by a relativistic only-phase Popov action we obtain from the Klein-Gordon Lagrangian.

Journal/Review: JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL

Volume: 57 (35)      Pages from: 355302-1  to: 355302-13

More Information: F L and L S acknowledge a National Grants of the Italian Ministry of University and Research: PRIN 2022 project ’Quantum Atomic Mixtures: Droplets, Topological Structures, and Vortices’ and the project ’Eccellenza Dipartimentale-Frontiere Quantistiche’. L S is partially supported by the BIRD Grant ’Ultracold atoms in curved geometries’ of the University of Padova, by the ’Iniziativa Specifica Quantum’ of INFN, by the European Quantum Flagship Project PASQuanS 2, and by the European Union-NextGenerationEU within the National Center for HPC, Big Data and Quantum Computing (Project No. CN00000013, CN1 Spoke 10: ’Quantum Computing’). DAS:No new data were created or analysed in this study.
KeyWords: superconductors; electrodynamics; hydrodynamics; superfluids
DOI: 10.1088/1751-8121/ad6ab3


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