Creation and robustness of quantized vortices in a dipolar supersolid when crossing the superfluid-to-supersolid transition

Year: 2022

Authors: Sindik M., Recati A., Roccuzzo S., Santos L., Stringari S.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Trento, Pitaevskii BEC Ctr, CNR INO, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Belgrade, Inst Phys Belgrade, Belgrade 11080, Serbia; INFN, Trento Inst Fundamental Phys & Applicat, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Theoret Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.

Abstract: We study quantized vortices in dipolar supersolids at the transition between the superfluid and the supersolid phase. We present an approach to the nucleation of vortices and their observation, based on the quenching of the s-wave scattering length across the phase transition. Starting from a slowly rotating, vortex-free configuration in the superfluid phase, we predict vortex nucleation as the system enters the supersolid phase, due to the strong reduction of the critical angular velocity in the supersolid. Once a vortex is created, we show that it is robustly preserved when the condensate is brought back to the superfluid phase, where it may be readily observed. These results may have a significant impact on ongoing experiments, given that the observation of quantized vortices would constitute a key probe of the superfluid character of dipolar supersolids.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW A

Volume: 106 (6)      Pages from: L061303-1  to: L061303-5

More Information: We thank A. Gallemi for interest-ing discussions. This work was supported by Q@TN (thejoint laboratory between University of Trento, FBK – Fon-dazione Bruno Kessler, INFN – National Institute for NuclearPhysics, and CNR – National Research Council) and theProvincia Autonoma di Trento. L.S. acknowledges supportof the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Re-search Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy -EXC-2123 QuantumFrontiers – 390837967, and FOR 2247.S.M.R. acknowledges support from the Alexander von Hum-boldt Foundation. A.R. acknowledges support of the ItalianMUR under th e PRIN2017 project CEnTraL (Protocol No.20172H2SC4). M.S. acknowledges funding provided by theInstitute of Physics Belgrade, through the grant by the Min-istry of Education, Science, and Technological Developmentof the Republic of Serbia. We acknowledge the CINECAaward under the ISCRA initiative, for the availability of high-performance computing resources and support.
KeyWords: Quantized vortex; Rotating vortex; S-wave scattering lengths; Superfluid phasis; Supersolid phase; Supersolids; Vortex nucleation
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.106.L061303

ImpactFactor: 2.900
Citations: 9
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