Disorder-free localization with Stark gauge protection

Year: 2022

Authors: Lang HF., Hauke P., Knolle J., Grusdt F., Halimeh JC.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Trento, CNR BEC Ctr, INO, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Trento, Dept Phys, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys Chem, Theoret Chem, Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, James Franck Str 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany; Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol MCQST, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany; Imperial Coll London, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England; Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Dept Phys, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany; Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Arnold Sommerfeld Ctr Theoret Phys ASC, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany.

Abstract: Disorder-free localization in translation-invariant gauge theories presents a counterintuitive yet powerful framework of ergodicity breaking in quantum many-body physics. The fragility of this phenomenon in the presence of gauge-breaking errors has recently been addressed, but no scheme has been able to reliably stabilize disorder-free localization through all accessible evolution times while preserving the disorder-free property. Here, we introduce the concept of Stark gauge protection, which entails a linear sum in gauge-symmetry local (pseudo)generators weighted by a Stark potential. Using exact diagonalization and Krylov-based methods, we show how this scheme can stabilize or even enhance disorder-free localization against gauge-breaking errors in U(1) and Z2 gauge theories up to all accessible evolution times, without inducing bona fide Stark many-body localization. We show through a Magnus expansion that the dynamics under Stark gauge protection is described by an effective Hamiltonian where gauge-breaking terms are suppressed locally by the protection strength and additionally by the matter site index, which we argue is the main reason behind stabilizing the localization up to all accessible times. Our scheme is readily feasible in modern ultracold-atom experiments and Rydberg-atom setups with optical tweezers.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Volume: 106 (17)      Pages from: 174305-1  to: 174305-14

More Information: We are grateful to Monika Aidelsburger, Annabelle Bohrdt, Lukas Homeier, Pablo Sala, Christian Schweizer, and Hongzheng Zhao for discussions and work on related projects. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programm (Grant Agreement No. 948141)-ERC Starting Grant SimUcQuam, and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy-EXC-2111-390814868. This work is part of and supported by Provincia Autonoma di Trento, the ERC Starting Grant StrEnQTh (project ID 804305), the Google Research Scholar Award ProGauge, and Q@TN-Quantum Science and Technology in Trento. We acknowledge support from the Imperial-TUM flagship partnership. The research is part of the Munich Quantum Valley, which is supported by the Bavarian state government with funds from the Hightech Agenda Bayern Plus.
KeyWords: Many-body Localization; Quantum Simulation; Invariance; Transition; Insulator; Dynamics; Systems; Matrix; Gas
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.106.174305

ImpactFactor: 3.700
Citations: 9
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