Phase transition dimensionality crossover from two to three dimensions in a trapped ultracold atomic Bose gas

Year: 2022

Authors: Keepfer NA., Liu IK., Dalfovo F., Proukakis NP.

Autors Affiliation: Newcastle Univ, Joint Quantum Ctr JQC Durham Newcastle, Sch Math Stat & Phys, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, England; Univ Trento, BEC Ctr, CNR, INO, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Trento, Dipt Fis, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy.

Abstract: The equilibrium properties of a weakly interacting atomic Bose gas across the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) and Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) phase transitions are numerically investigated through a dimensionality crossover from two to three dimensions. The crossover is realized by confining the gas in an experimentally feasible hybridized trap which provides homogeneity along the planar xy directions through a box potential in tandem with a harmonic transverse potential along the transverse z direction. The dimensionality is modified by varying the frequency of the harmonic trap from tight to loose transverse trapping. Our findings, based on a stochastic (projected) Gross-Pitaevskii equation, showcase a continuous shift in the character of the phase transition from BKT to BEC, and a monotonic increase of the identified critical temperature as a function of dimensionality, with the strongest variation exhibited for small chemical potential values up to approximately twice the transverse confining potential.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH

Volume: 4 (3)      Pages from: 33130-1  to: 33130-13

More Information: This work has benefited from Q@TN, the joint laboratory between University of Trento, FBK-Fondazione Bruno Kessler, INFN-National Institute for Nuclear Physics and CNR-National Research Council. F.D. and N.A.K. also acknowledge the support of Provincia Autonoma di Trento through the agreement with the INO-CNR BEC Center. We acknowledge financial support from the Quantera ERA-NET cofund project NAQUAS through the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (FD) and the Engineering and Physical Science Research Council, Grant No. EP/R043434/1 (I.K.L., N.P.P.) .
KeyWords: Gross-pitaevskii Equation; Long-range Order; Einstein Condensation; Dynamics
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.033130

ImpactFactor: 4.200
Citations: 4
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