Superfluid Fraction in an Interacting Spatially Modulated Bose-Einstein Condensate

Year: 2023

Authors: Chauveau G., Maury C., Rabec F., Heintze C., Brochier G., Nascimbene S., Dalibard J., Beugnon J., Roccuzzo SM., Stringari S.

Autors Affiliation: ENS PSL Univ, Sorbonne Univ, Coll France, Lab Kastler Brossel,CNRS, 11 Pl Marcelin Berthelot, F-75005 Paris, France; Univ Trento, Pitaevskii BEC Ctr, CNR INO, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, I-38123 Trento, Italy; INFN, Trento Inst Fundamental Phys & Applicat, I-38123 Trento, Italy.

Abstract: At zero temperature, a Galilean-invariant Bose fluid is expected to be fully superfluid. Here we investigate theoretically and experimentally the quenching of the superfluid density of a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate due to the breaking of translational (and thus Galilean) invariance by an external 1D periodic potential. Both Leggett’s bound fixed by the knowledge of the total density and the anisotropy of the sound velocity provide a consistent determination of the superfluid fraction. The use of a large-period lattice emphasizes the important role of two-body interactions on superfluidity.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Volume: 130 (22)      Pages from: 226003-1  to: 226003-6

More Information: We acknowledge the support by ERC (Grant Agreement No. 863880) and ANR (Grant Agreement No. ANR-18-CE30-0010). We thank Brice Bakkali-Hassani for his participation at the early stage of the project. We also acknowledge Tony Leggett, Anne-Laure Dalibard, Stefano Giorgini, Augusto Smerzi, Alessio Recati, Christopher Pethick, and Ian Spielman for fruitful discussions.
KeyWords: 2nd Sound; Gas; Insulator; Helium; Phase
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.226003

ImpactFactor: 8.100
Citations: 14
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