Synthetic Z2 gauge theories based on parametric excitations of trapped ions

Year: 2024

Authors: Bazavan O., Saner S., Tirrito E., Araneda G., Srinivas R., Bermudez A.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Pk Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England; Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys ICTP, Str Costiera 11, I-34151 Trieste, Italy; Univ Trento, Pitaevskii BEC Ctr, CNR, INO, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Fis Teor UAM CSIC, UAM, CSIC, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.

Abstract: Resource efficient fi cient schemes for the quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories can benefit fi t from hybrid encodings of gauge and matter fi elds that use the native degrees of freedom, such as internal qubits and motional phonons in trapped-ion devices. We propose to use a parametric scheme to induce a tunneling of the phonons conditioned to the internal qubit state which, when implemented with a single trapped ion, corresponds to a minimal Z 2 gauge theory. To evaluate the feasibility of this scheme, we perform numerical simulations of the state-dependent tunneling using realistic parameters, and identify the leading sources of error in future experiments. We discuss how to generalize this minimal case to more complex settings by increasing the number of ions, moving from a single link to a Z 2 plaquette, and to an entire Z 2 chain. We present analytical expressions for the gaugeinvariant dynamics and the corresponding confinement, fi nement, which are benchmarked using matrix product state simulations.

Journal/Review: COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS

Volume: 7 (1)      Pages from: 229-1  to: 229-26

More Information: A.B. thanks D. Gonzalez-Cuadra, S.J. Hands, D. Leibfried, and G. Magnifico for useful discussions. A.B. acknowledges support from PID2021-127726NB-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE), from the Grant IFT Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa CEX2020-001007-S, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, from the CSIC Resear ch Platform on Quantum Technologies PTI-001, from the MINECO through the QUANTUM ENIA project call – QUANTUM SPAIN project, and from the EU through the RTRP-NextGenerationEU within the framework of the Digital Spain 2025 Agenda. The project leading to this application/publication has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101114305 (MILLENION-SGA1 EU Project). O.B., S.S., G.A., and R.S. thank D.M. Lucas and C.J. Ballance, and A.C. Hughes for useful discussions and acknowledge support from the US Army Research Office (W911NF-20-1-0038) and the UK EPSRC Hub in Quantum Computing and Simulation (EP/T001062/1). G.A. acknowledges support from Wolfson College, Oxford. R.S. acknowledges support from the EPSRC Fellowship EP/W028026/1 and Balliol College. E.T. acknowledges support from the MIUR Programme FARE (MEPH), and from QUANTERA DYNAMITE PCI2022-132919. DAS:Data available on reasonable request from the authors
KeyWords: Real-time Dynamics; Quantum Simulations; Edge States; Broken Symmetries; Non-reciprocity; Invariance; Model; Confinement; Noise; Renormalization
DOI: 10.1038/s42005-024-01691-w

Citations: 1
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